[48] Leonardo's right hand was paralytic circa 1517,[49] which may indicate why he left the Mona Lisa unfinished. Découvrez vos propres épingles sur Pinterest et enregistrez-les. La Joconde est le tableau de Léonard de Vinci le plus célèbre. Il Ne M'accorde Pas D'attention, The humidity is maintained at 50% ±10%, and the temperature is maintained between 18 and 21 °C. Experts universally agree that it is based on Leonardo's portrait. In 2004–05, a conservation and study team replaced the maple crosspieces with sycamore ones, and an additional metal crosspiece was added for scientific measurement of the panel's warp. The lamp has a Colour Rendering Index up to 98, and minimizes infrared and ultraviolet radiation which could otherwise degrade the painting. Jezici. }); [28] The woman sits markedly upright in a "pozzetto" armchair with her arms folded, a sign of her reserved posture. This became madonna, and its contraction mona. De Vincent sammelt Konschtwierker. Vrati me na članak: On a volé la Joconde (film). En 1946, prévenu par René Huyghe, conservateur en chef du département des peintures, du retour des œuvres, Pierre Jahan la photographie lors de l'ouverture de sa caisse : « Elle apparaît enfin, intacte, ayant échappé à cinq ans de bouleversements et à la fringale d'objets d'art du tout-puissant maréchal Goering… » (cf. Un paysage énigmatique », Réunion des musées nationaux - Grand Palais, Tête de la Vierge de trois quarts à droite, Sainte Anne, la Vierge, l'Enfant Jésus et saint Jean-Baptiste enfant, Sainte Anne, la Vierge et l'Enfant Jésus (carton), https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=La_Joconde&oldid=178827277, Article contenant un appel à traduction en espagnol, Catégorie Commons avec lien local identique sur Wikidata, Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité, Page pointant vers des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes, Page pointant vers des bases relatives aux beaux-arts, Page pointant vers des bases relatives à la bande dessinée, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Une copie est conservée dans la collection Luchner à. [121] Léonard a sûrement peint non seulement le portrait d'une femme, mais aussi le portrait d'une expression. Une historienne de l'art, Carla Glori, chercheuse à l'université italienne de Savone, affirme en 2011 que le pont médiéval à trois arches qui apparaît sur l'épaule gauche est une référence à Bobbio. [89] A new queuing system introduced in 2019 reduces the amount of time museum visitors have to wait in line to see the painting. 3 févr. In 1906, Louvre restorer Eugène Denizard performed watercolour retouches on areas of the paint layer disturbed by the crack in the panel. « La Joconde sourit parce que tous ceux qui lui ont dessiné des moustaches sont morts. [47] According to Vasari, "after he had lingered over it four years, [he] left it unfinished". Vasari's account of the Mona Lisa comes from his biography of Leonardo published in 1550, 31 years after the artist's death. [10], After the French Revolution, the painting was moved to the Louvre, but spent a brief period in the bedroom of Napoleon (d. 1821) in the Tuileries Palace. Centre Municipal De Santé Bourg-la-reine, [62], The record of an October 1517 visit by Louis d'Aragon states that the Mona Lisa was executed for the deceased Giuliano de' Medici, Leonardo's steward at the Belvedere Palace between 1513 and 1516[65][66][b]—but this was likely an error. [73] The Mona Lisa was not widely known outside the art world, but in the 1860s, a portion of the French intelligentsia began to hail it as a masterwork of Renaissance painting. lang: en_US. [57][56][69][70] Others believe that there was only one true Mona Lisa, but are divided as to the two aforementioned fates. ", "In Louvre, New Room With View of 'Mona Lisa, "A Record Picasso and the Hype Price of Status Objects", "Another art anniversary: Mona Lisa comes to New York! [80] He carried out the theft by entering the building during regular hours, hiding in a broom closet, and walking out with the painting hidden under his coat after the museum had closed. After the second 1956 attack, restorer Jean-Gabriel Goulinat was directed to touch up the damage to Mona Lisa's left elbow with watercolour. ", "Second Mona Lisa Unveiled for First Time in 40 Years", "The Isleworth Mona Lisa: A second Leonardo masterpiece? [128] In New York, an estimated 1.7 million people queued "in order to cast a glance at the Mona Lisa for 20 seconds or so. [76] On 21 August 1911, the painting was stolen from the Louvre. "[12][13] Mona in Italian is a polite form of address originating as ma donna – similar to Ma'am, Madam, or my lady in English. [37], There has been much speculation regarding the painting's model and landscape. ", "In Louvre, New Room With View of 'Mona Lisa, "A Record Picasso and the Hype Price of Status Objects", "Another art anniversary: Mona Lisa comes to New York! Barcelona (katalánul [bəɾsəˈɫonə], spanyolul [barθeˈlona]) város Észak-Spanyolországban, Katalónia fővárosa. [123] The Mona Lisa was regarded as "just another Leonardo until early last century, when the scandal of the painting's theft from the Louvre and subsequent return kept a spotlight on it over several years. En 1914, la Joconde est de retour au Louvre après une tournée triomphale en Italie. Salvador Dalí was born on 11 May 1904, at 8:45 am, on the first floor of Carrer Monturiol, 20 in the town of Figueres, in the Empordà region, close to the French border in Catalonia, Spain. L'hypothèse généralement admise est l'identification de La Joconde à Lisa Gherardini, épouse de Francesco del Giocondo. It holds the Guinness World Record for the highest known insurance valuation in history at US$100 million in 1962[11] (equivalent to $660 million in 2019). Format : Motivation, signature. Once part of King Francis I of France's collection, the Mona Lisa was among the first artworks to be exhibited in the Louvre, which became a national museum after the French Revolution. On 30 December 1956, Bolivian Ugo Ungaza Villegas threw a rock at the Mona Lisa while it was on display at the Louvre. [130], In 2014, 9.3 million people visited the Louvre. During the 20th century it was an object for mass reproduction, merchandising, lampooning and speculation, and was claimed to have been reproduced in "300 paintings and 2,000 advertisements". In 1883, Le rire, an image of a Mona Lisa smoking a pipe, by Sapeck (Eugène Bataille), was shown at the "Incoherents" show in Paris. One is moved, troubled ... repressed desires, hopes that drive one to despair, stir painfully." Since then, bulletproof glass has been used to shield the painting from any further attacks. À l'époque romantique, les artistes ont été fascinés par ce tableau et ont contribué à développer le mythe qui l'entoure, en faisant de ce tableau l’une des œuvres d'art les plus célèbres du monde, si ce n'est la plus célèbre : elle est en tout cas considérée comme l'une des représentations d'un visage féminin les plus célèbres au monde[4]. Même si l'on tournait la toile dans tous les sens, elle continuerait à nous regarder. "[123] While exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the painting was nearly drenched in water because of a faulty sprinkler, but the painting's bullet-proof glass case protected it. [91][92][93] Cotte admits that his investigation was only carried out only in support of his hypotheses and should not be considered as definitive proof. Mona Lisa ("Senhora Lisa" [2]) também conhecida como A Gioconda [3] (em italiano: [96], The Mona Lisa has survived for more than 500 years, and an international commission convened in 1952 noted that "the picture is in a remarkable state of preservation. Guerre Des Régulateurs, Proposé par : Io Herodotus 16 juin 2020 à 05:33 (CEST) Ce tableau, soit disant le plus connu au monde, devrait atteindre un niveau de qualité. [105], On the 500th anniversary of the master's death, the Louvre held the largest ever single exhibit of Da Vinci works, from 24 October 2019 to 24 February 2020. [58][59][60][61] However, by 1993, Frank Zöllner observed that the painting surface had never been trimmed;[62] this was confirmed through a series of tests in 2004. Denizard also retouched the edges of the picture with varnish, to mask areas that had been covered initially by an older frame. A modern művészet sajátos személyisége volt. [81] Decker published this account of the theft in 1932.[83]. Winding paths and a distant bridge give only the slightest indications of human presence. The Mona Lisa is one of the most valuable paintings in the world. The unconstrained poplar panel warped freely with changes in humidity, and as a result, a crack developed near the top of the panel, extending down to the hairline of the figure. [82] Peruggia served six months in prison for the crime and was hailed for his patriotism in Italy. Cette acquisition a fait l'objet d'une petite présentation d'une sélection de cette collection dans le cadre du « Tableau du mois » : Le tableau du mois no 211 – De la Jocondoclastie à la Jocondophilie[136], avec un texte de Vincent Pomarède, conservateur du département des peintures du musée du Louvre. [40], Research in 2008 by a geomorphology professor at Urbino University and an artist-photographer revealed likenesses of Mona Lisa's landscapes to some views in the Montefeltro region in the Italian provinces of Pesaro and Urbino, and Rimini. During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871), the painting was moved from the Louvre to the Brest Arsenal. [34][35] In 2007, French engineer Pascal Cotte announced that his ultra-high resolution scans of the painting provide evidence that Mona Lisa was originally painted with eyelashes and with visible eyebrows, but that these had gradually disappeared over time, perhaps as a result of overcleaning. Both were later exonerated. Leonardo has chosen to place the horizon line not at the neck, as he did with Ginevra de' Benci, but on a level with the eyes, thus linking the figure with the landscape and emphasizing the mysterious nature of the painting. Antonyme De Ingrat, [18] The painting is thought to have been commissioned for their new home, and to celebrate the birth of their second son, Andrea. [50][51][52][a], Circa 1505,[54] Raphael executed a pen-and-ink sketch, in which the columns flanking the subject are more apparent. [25] Art historian Carmen C. Bambach has concluded that Leonardo probably continued refining the work until 1516 or 1517. [87][88] In both cases, the painting was undamaged. Test Pcr Sans Rdv Paris, Le destin du tableau durant les dernières années de la vie de Léonard et celles qui suivirent n’est pas encore élucidé[34]. "[134], A version of Mona Lisa known as Mujer de mano de Leonardo Abince ("Woman by Leonardo da Vinci's hand") held in Madrid's Museo del Prado was for centuries considered to be a work by Leonardo. En plus d'un autoportrait, cet oeuvre est aussi une caricature inspirée de celle de Duchamp, nottament à travers la … The soft blending creates an ambiguous mood "mainly in two features: the corners of the mouth, and the corners of the eyes". La Joconde est déplacée de manière temporaire et reviendra dans la salle des Etats (salle 711) à la mi-octobre 2019, le temps d’y mener à bien les travaux de rénovation. It had been believed to have been painted between 1503 and 1506; however, Leonardo may have continued working on it as late as 1517. Ce site utilise Akismet pour réduire les indésirables. Il a été peint entre 1503 et 1506. [29], The depiction of the sitter in three-quarter profile is similar to late 15th-century works by Lorenzo di Credi and Agnolo di Domenico del Mazziere. This flexible frame, which is used in addition to the decorative frame described below, exerts pressure on the panel to keep it from warping further. LORDIBRA . In 1859, Théophile Gautier wrote that the Mona Lisa was a "sphinx of beauty who smiles so mysteriously" and that "Beneath the form expressed one feels a thought that is vague, infinite, inexpressible. The model, Lisa del Giocondo,[16][17] was a member of the Gherardini family of Florence and Tuscany, and the wife of wealthy Florentine silk merchant Francesco del Giocondo. It became the definitive example of the Renaissance portrait and perhaps for this reason is seen not just as the likeness of a real person, but also as the embodiment of an ideal. Le tableau est originellement appelé « Monna Lisa », et c'est toujours le cas en Italie, ou par sa déformation plus courante mais erronée « Mona Lisa », une contraction de « ma donna Lisa » qu'on peut traduire par « madame Lisa ». 3 févr. [31], The painting was one of the first portraits to depict the sitter in front of an imaginary landscape, and Leonardo was one of the first painters to use aerial perspective. [58][59][60][61] However, by 1993, Frank Zöllner observed that the painting surface had never been trimmed;[62] this was confirmed through a series of tests in 2004. " /> Influencé très jeune par l'impressionnisme, il quitta Figueras pour recevoir une éducation artistique académique à Madrid où il se lia d'amitié avec Federico García Lorca et Luis Buñuel et chercha son style entre différents mouvements artistiques. Salvador Dalí i Domènech, premier marquis de Dalí de Púbol, né à Figueras le 11 mai 1904, et mort dans la même ville, le 23 janvier 1989, est un peintre, sculpteur, graveur, scénariste et écrivain catalan de nationalité espagnole.Il est considéré comme l'un des principaux représentants du surréalisme, et comme l'un des plus célèbres peintres du XX e siècle. Comme dans le dessin de Raphaël, d’autre copies plus tardives de Mona Lisa, comme celles dans le musée national d’art, d’architecture et de design d’Oslo et dans le musée d’art Walters de Baltimore contiennent de larges colonnes. It has long been the best-known source of information on the provenance of the work and identity of the sitter. Des analyses du tableau postérieures à 2000 ont montré que La Joconde a la tête couverte d'un voile transparent ou peu visible. [18] Alessandro Vezzosi believes that the painting is characteristic of Leonardo's style in the final years of his life, post-1513. The painting was presented to the media in 2012 by the Mona Lisa Foundation. La Joconde constitue réellement le portrait de l'idée de calme et de bonheur, de la beauté de la vie. [28] Zöllner notes that the sitter's general position can be traced back to Flemish models and that "in particular the vertical slices of columns at both sides of the panel had precedents in Flemish portraiture. Le sourire de La Joconde est le sourire que présente la jeune femme dont le tableau de Léonard de Vinci appelé Portrait de Mona Lisa ou La Joconde est le portrait.Cette caractéristique constitue un détail extrêmement commenté de cette huile célèbre. Denizard was directed to clean the picture without solvent, and to lightly touch up several scratches to the painting with watercolour. De retour en Italie, il propose de le vendre le 10 décembre 1913 à un antiquaire florentin, Alfredo Geri, qui a passé une petite annonce pour acheter des œuvres d'art. Théâtre 6ème - Collège, Daniel Arasse, dans son livre Histoires de peintures, écrit que le « mystère » de La Joconde date du début du XIXe siècle, avec l'attribution erronée, à Léonard de Vinci, de la tête de méduse du musée des Offices, en fait peinte par un Flamand du XVIIe siècle. Une copie avec les deux colonnes de part et d'autre du buste est conservée au musée de Beaux-Arts de Quimper. [124], The 1911 theft of the Mona Lisa and its subsequent return was reported worldwide, leading to a massive increase in public recognition of the painting. Les sourcils avec leur implantation par endroits plus épaisse ou plus rare suivant la disposition des pores, ne pouvaient être plus vrais. Les liens étroits entre Léonard de Vinci et la famille del Giocondo ont été établis en 2004 par Giuseppe Pallanti (2007)[85], d'après qui les archives d'une église du centre historique de Florence font référence à un acte de décès de « l'épouse de Francesco Del Giocondo », morte le 15 juillet 1542 et enterrée au couvent Sant'Orsola. Selon certains, la Jocondeest aussi une image de la femme, voire de la maternité, car elle semble apparaître comme tenant un enfant dans ses bras. [18][20] In French, the title La Joconde has the same meaning. 25 mars 2020 - Francesco Melzi - Portrait of Leonardo - WGA14795 - Léonard de Vinci — Wikipédia Hegel H390 Review, [citation needed]. Leonardo began to be revered as a genius, and the painting's popularity grew in the mid-19th century when French intelligentsia praised it as mysterious and a representation of the femme fatale. Il trouva son propre style à partir de 1929, année où il devin… Leonardo, Carmen Bambach, Rachel Stern, and Alison Manges (2003). "[132], Before the 1962–1963 tour, the painting was assessed for insurance at $100 million (equivalent to $660 million in 2019), making it, in practice, the most highly-valued painting in the world. [106][107], The Mona Lisa began influencing contemporary Florentine painting even before its completion. [104] As of 2019, about 10.2 million people view the painting at the Louvre each year. After some confusion as to whether the painting was being photographed somewhere, the Louvre was closed for a week for investigation. ", "New proof said found for "original" Mona Lisa –", "Mona Lisa: A Comparative Evaluation of the Different Versions and Their Copies", Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, "Computer Studies of the Isleworth and Louvre Mona Lisas", Scientific analyses conducted by the Center for Research and Restoration of the Museums of France (C2RMF), Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist, The Virgin and Child with Saint Anne and Saint John the Baptist, Museo Nazionale Scienza e Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci (Milan), Land grant to Marduk-apla-iddina I by Meli-Shipak II, Statue of the Tiber river with Romulus and Remus, Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas, The Attributes of Civilian and Military Music, The Attributes of Music, the Arts and the Sciences, The Lictors Bring to Brutus the Bodies of His Sons, Coresus Sacrificing Himself to Save Callirhoe, Bonaparte Visiting the Plague Victims of Jaffa, Don Pedro of Toledo Kissing Henry IV's Sword, Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII, Portrait of Madame Marcotte de Sainte-Marie, Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil, Madonna and Child with Saint Peter and Saint Sebastian, Venus and the Three Graces Presenting Gifts to a Young Woman, A Young Man Being Introduced to the Seven Liberal Arts, Portrait of Alof de Wignacourt and his Page, The Doge on the Bucintoro near the Riva di Sant'Elena, Holy Family with the Family of St John the Baptist, Saints Bernardino of Siena and Louis of Toulouse, Madonna and Child with St John the Baptist and St Catherine of Alexandria, Madonna and Child with St Rose and St Catherine, Portrait of Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, Portrait of Doña Isabel de Requesens y Enríquez de Cardona-Anglesola, Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary, St John and St Mary Magdalene, The Archangel Raphael Leaving Tobias' Family, Pendant portraits of Marten Soolmans and Oopjen Coppit, Ixion, King of the Lapiths, Deceived by Juno, Who He Wished to Seduce, The Virgin and Child Surrounded by the Holy Innocents, Francis I, Charles V and the Duchess of Étampes, Street Scene near the El Ghouri Mosque in Cairo, Christopher Columbus Before the Council of Salamanca, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mona_Lisa&oldid=1000558472, Paintings of the Louvre by Italian artists, Articles containing Italian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2019, Articles with dead external links from June 2016, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox artwork with the material parameter, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2016, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown, Wikipedia articles with Joconde identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 January 2021, at 16:52. [90], In the early 21st century, French scientist Pascal Cotte hypothesized a hidden portrait underneath the surface of the painting. – Figueres, 1989. január 23.) Théâtre 6ème - Collège, Polski: Pustynia Salvadora Dalí położona w Narodowym Rezerwacie Fauny Andyjskiej im. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. [14], The Mona Lisa bears a strong resemblance to many Renaissance depictions of the Virgin Mary, who was at that time seen as an ideal for womanhood. Salvador Dalí, famous for his surrealist work, painted Self portrait as Mona Lisa in 1954. La Joconde aux clés est l'aboutissement de plusieurs années de travail consacrées par Léger à dispenser les objets dessinés ou peints du support traditionnel. Cette sorte de mantille plaque les cheveux crêpés ou finement bouclés qui tombent sur les épaules. Geri ayant prévenu la police, Peruggia est arrêté dans la chambre de son hôtel (rebaptisé par la suite hôtel Gioconda), et n'est condamné qu'à dix-huit mois de prison, la presse italienne saluant son patriotisme.